2,2-Difluoropropane

Following exposure to gas, remove the patient from the gas source or contaminated area. Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block the airway, should be removed, where possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures. If the patient is not breathing spontaneously, administer rescue breathing. If the patient does not have a pulse, administer CPR. If medical oxygen and appropriately trained personnel are available, administer 100% oxygen. Summon an emergency ambulance. If an ambulance is not available, contact a physician, hospital, or Poison Control Centre for further instruction. Keep the patient warm, comfortable and at rest while awaiting medical care. MONITOR THE BREATHING AND PULSE, CONTINUOUSLY. Administer rescue breathing (preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve mask-device, or pocket mask as trained) or CPR if necessary.

If skin or hair contact occurs: Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).

If product comes in contact with eyes remove the patient from gas source or contaminated area. Take the patient to the nearest eye wash, shower or other source of clean water. Open the eyelid(s) wide to allow the material to evaporate. Gently rinse the affected eye(s) with clean, cool water for at least 15 minutes. Have the patient lie or sit down and tilt the head back. Hold the eyelid(s) open and pour water slowly over the eyeball(s) at the inner corners, letting the water run out of the outer corners. Ensure that the patient looks up, and side to side as the eye is rinsed in order to better reach all parts of the eye(s). If the patient cannot tolerate light, protect the eyes with a clean, loosely tied bandage. Ensure verbal communication and physical contact with the patient.

Symptoms: The patient may be in great pain and wish to keep the eyes closed.

Not considered a normal route of entry.

Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray (only if absolutely necessary and safe to do so).

Do not use water jets. Do not direct water at source of leak or venting safety devices as icing may occur.

None known

DO NOT EXTINGUISH BURNING GAS UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED SAFELY: OTHERWISE: LEAVE GAS TO BURN. For large fire: Cool cylinder by direct flooding quantities of water onto upper surface until well after fire is out.

See section 8

Avoid breathing vapour and any contact with liquid or gas. Protective equipment including respirator should be used. DO NOT enter confined spaces where gas may have accumulated. Shut off all sources of possible ignition and increase ventilation. Clear area of personnel. Stop leak only if safe to so do. Remove leaking cylinders to safe place. Release pressure under safe controlled conditions by opening valve. Orientate cylinder so that the leak is gas, not liquid, to minimise rate of leakage. Keep area clear of personnel until gas has dispersed.

Clear area of all unprotected personnel and move upwind. Alert Emergency Authority and advise them of the location and nature of hazard. May be violently or explosively reactive. Wear full body clothing with breathing apparatus. Prevent by any means available, spillage from entering drains and water-courses. Consider evacuation. Shut off all possible sources of ignition and increase ventilation. No smoking or naked lights within area. Use extreme caution to prevent violent reaction. Stop leak only if safe to so do. Water spray or fog may be used to disperse vapour. DO NOT enter confined space where gas may have collected. Keep area clear until gas has dispersed. Remove leaking cylinders to a safe place. Fit vent pipes. Release pressure under safe, controlled conditions. Burn issuing gas at vent pipes. DO NOT exert excessive pressure on valve; DO NOT attempt to operate damaged valve.

See section 12

Water spray or fog may be used to disperse vapour. Burn issuing gas at vent pipes.

Consider use in closed pressurised systems, fitted with temperature, pressure and safety relief valves which are vented for safe dispersal. Use only properly specified equipment which is suitable for this product, its supply pressure and temperature. The tubing network design connecting gas cylinders to the delivery system should include appropriate pressure indicators and vacuum or suction lines. Fully-welded types of pressure gauges, where the bourdon tube sensing element is welded to the gauge body, are recommended. Before connecting gas cylinders, ensure manifold is mechanically secure and does not containing another gas. Before disconnecting gas cylinder, isolate supply line segment proximal to cylinder, remove trapped gas in supply line with aid of vacuum pump. When connecting or replacing cylinders take care to avoid airborne particulates violently ejected when system pressurises. Consider the use of doubly-contained piping; diaphragm or bellows sealed, soft seat valves; backflow prevention devices; flash arrestors; and flow monitoring or limiting devices. Gas cabinets, with appropriate exhaust treatment, are recommended, as is automatic monitoring of the secondary enclosures and work areas for release. Use a pressure reducing regulator when connecting cylinder to lower pressure (<100 psig) piping or systems. Use a check valve or trap in the discharge line to prevent hazardous back-flow into the cylinder. Check regularly for spills or leaks. Keep valves tightly closed but do not apply extra leverage to hand wheels or cylinder keys. Open valve slowly. If valve is resistant to opening then contact your supervisor. Valve protection caps must remain in place unless container is secured with valve outlet piped to use point. Never insert a pointed object (e.g hooks) into cylinder cap openings as a means to open cap or move cylinder. Such action can inadvertently turn the valve and gas a gas leak. Use an adjustable strap instead of wrench to free an over-tight or rusted cap. A bubble of gas may buildup behind the outlet dust cap during transportation, after prolonged storage, due to defective cylinder valve or if a dust cap is inserted without adequate evacuation of gas from the line. When loosening dust cap, preferably stand cylinder in a suitable enclosure and take cap off slowly. Never face the dust cap directly when removing it; point cap away from any personnel or any object that may pose a hazard. under negative pressure (relative to atmospheric gas). Suck back of water into the container must be prevented. Do not allow backfeed into the container. Do NOT drag, slide or roll cylinders - use a suitable hand truck for cylinder movement. Test for leakage with brush and detergent - NEVER use a naked flame. Do NOT heat cylinder by any means to increase the discharge rate of product from cylinder. Leaking gland nuts may be tightened if necessary. If a cylinder valve will not close completely, remove the cylinder to a well ventilated location (e.g. outside) and, when empty, tag as FAULTY and return to supplier. Obtain a work permit before attempting any repairs. DO NOT attempt repair work on lines, vessels under pressure. Atmospheres must be tested and O.K. before work resumes after leakage. Avoid generation of static electricity. Earth all lines and equipment. DO NOT transfer gas from one cylinder to another.

Cylinders should be stored in a purpose-built compound with good ventilation, preferably in the open. Protected against rust and extremes of weather. Properly secured to prevent toppling or rolling. Valves should be closed when not in use. Segregated according to the requirements of the Dangerous Goods Act(s). Flammable gases should be stored away from other combustible materials. Full and empty cylinders stored separately. Oldest stock used first. Check storage areas for flammable or hazardous concentrations of gases prior to entry.

See section 5. Avoid generation of static electricity. Earth all lines and equipment.

Areas where cylinders are stored require good ventilation and, if enclosed need discrete/ controlled exhaust ventilation. Vented gas is flammable, and may spread from its origin. Vent path must not contain ignition sources, pilot lights, naked flames. Secondary containment and exhaust gas treatment may be required by certain jurisdictions. Local exhaust ventilation (explosion proof) is usually required in workplaces. Consideration should be given to the use of doubly-contained piping; diaphragm or bellows-sealed, soft-seat valves; backflow prevention devices; flash arrestors and flow-monitoring or limiting devices. Automated controls should ensure that workplace atmospheres do not exceed 25% of the lower explosive limit (LEL) (if available). Monitor the work area and secondary containments for release of gas. Automated alerting systems with automatic shutdown of gas-flow may be appropriate and may in fact be mandatory in certain jurisdictions. Adequate ventilation is typically taken to be that which limits the average concentration to no more than 25% of the LEL within the building, room or enclosure containing the dangerous substance. Ventilation for plant and machinery is normally considered adequate if it limits the average concentration of any dangerous substance that might potentially be present to no more than 25% of the LEL. However, an increase up to a maximum 50% LEL can be acceptable where additional safeguards are provided to prevent the formation of a hazardous explosive atmosphere. Temporary exhaust ventilation systems may be provided for non-routine higher-risk activities, such as cleaning, repair or maintenance in tanks or other confined spaces or in an emergency after a release.

When handling sealed and suitably insulated cylinders wear cloth or leather gloves.

Safety glasses with side shieldsChemical goggles. [AS/NZS 1337.1, EN166 or national equivalent]

Respiratory protection in the form of air-supplied or self-contained breathing equipment must be worn if the oxygen concentration in the workplace air is less than 19%. Cartridge respirators DO NOT give protection and may result in rapid suffocation. Full face respirator with supplied air. Positive pressure, full face, air-supplied breathing apparatus should be used for work in enclosed spaces if a leak is suspected or the primary containment is to be opened (e.g. for a cylinder change) Air-supplied breathing apparatus is required where release of gas from primary containment is either suspected or demonstrated.

Protective overalls, closely fitted at neck and wrist. Non-sparking protective boots. Static-free clothing. For large scale or continuous use wear tight-weave non-static clothing (no metallic fasteners, cuffs or pockets). Non sparking safety or conductive footwear should be considered.

See section 12

Product is considered stable. Unstable in the presence of incompatible materials.

See section 7.2

Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.

See section 7.2

See section 7.2

See section 5.3

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